{"id":632,"date":"2015-04-01T18:24:57","date_gmt":"2015-04-01T18:24:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/?page_id=632"},"modified":"2023-02-21T16:55:09","modified_gmt":"2023-02-21T16:55:09","slug":"laigua-a-lagricultura","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/ecomuseu\/laigua-a-lagricultura\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019aigua a l\u2019agricultura campanera"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-overflow:visible;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeInDown\" data-animationDuration=\"0.1\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/21.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeInDown\" data-animationDuration=\"0.1\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/2-aigua-v2.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:8px;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:left top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-border-sizes-top:0px;--awb-border-sizes-bottom:0px;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1100px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Per\u00a0un municipi com <strong>Campos<\/strong>, a on est\u00e0 ubicat <strong>l\u2019Ecomuseu Etnogr\u00e0fic del Patrimoni Rural de Campos<\/strong>, amb una pluviometria anual de nom\u00e9s 300 mm., la disponibilitat d\u2019aigua dol\u00e7a en el seu subs\u00f2l va ser d\u2019una gran import\u00e0ncia per la riquesa agr\u00edcola i ramadera que es va generar durant el passat. Encara que aquesta es va basar en una realitat que no era conforme a les condicions i als recursos existents a\u00a0la zona, ja que es va establir un <strong>regadiu extensiu<\/strong> per a la producci\u00f3 d\u2019aliment per al bestiar, una forma d\u2019explotaci\u00f3 ramadera impr\u00f2pia pel clima semides\u00e8rtic d\u2019aquesta \u00e0rea del sud de <strong>Mallorca<\/strong>. Durant anys es v\u00e0ren sobreexplotar aq\u00fc\u00edfers que v\u00e0ren tardar cents de milers d\u2019anys en crear-se fins arribar al punt de provocar la seva salinitzaci\u00f3 motivada per la intrusi\u00f3 de l\u2019aigua marina.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Campos<\/strong> ha estat, tradicionalment, un territori a on els recursos i les oportunitats escassejaven. Abans de la implantaci\u00f3\u00a0dels molins als pous, durant segles, <strong>les s\u00ednies<\/strong> de tir eren els \u00fanics elements que permetien extreure aigua dol\u00e7a del subs\u00f2l i, per aquest motiu, condicionaven l\u2019exist\u00e8ncia de les millors terres de cultiu. En el segon quart del segle XIX se n&#8217;identificaven a Mallorca 3.516, distribu\u00efdes per tot el territori insular a excepci\u00f3 de la Serra de Tramuntana. Destacaven els municipis de Sa Pobla, amb 1.400; Muro, amb 485; Montu\u00efri, amb 400; Palma, amb 200; i finalment <strong>Campos<\/strong>, amb 110.<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ecomuseo-109-de-155.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:8px;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-soundcloud\"><iframe scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https:\/\/w.soundcloud.com\/player\/?url=https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/ecomuseo-son-llado\/noria-son-catlar&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=true&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;visual=false&amp;color=165a93\" title=\"soundcloud\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-overflow:visible;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:calc( 100% + 0px ) !important;max-width:calc( 100% + 0px ) !important;margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un estudi realitzat pel <strong>Ministeri de Foment<\/strong> l\u2019any 1918 computava unes 3.540 s\u00ednies de tir a\u00a0les <strong>Illes Balears<\/strong>. Aquesta xifra va descendir a 2.813 en 1951, encara que aquesta disminuci\u00f3 en el nombre total no va determinar que en alguns municipis es continu\u00e9s construint s\u00ednies de tir (en comparaci\u00f3 amb les dades de 1872); aquest \u00e9s el cas d\u2019Art\u00e0 (50 s\u00ednies de tir en 1872; 158 en 1951), Alc\u00fadia (75 s\u00ednies de tir en 1872; 231 en 1951), Algaida (9 s\u00ednies de tir en 1872; 41 en 1951); Capdepera (42 s\u00ednies en 1872, 124 en 1951) o Pollen\u00e7a (50 s\u00ednies en 1872, 111 en 1951).<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/2-xorc026-sinia.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sens dubte, la introducci\u00f3 i posterior consolidaci\u00f3 a partir de 1847 del <strong>mol\u00ed de vent<\/strong> d\u2019extracci\u00f3 d\u2019aigua \u00e9s la causa de l\u2019aband\u00f3 o la substituci\u00f3 de la s\u00ednia de tir, sobretot en els municipis mallorquins que varen optar per una agricultura de regadiu intensiva, com varen ser els casos de Palma, Sa Pobla i Muro.<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tamb\u00e9 es va potenciar un sector ramader basat en el bov\u00ed, principalment a partir de l\u2019any 1925, com varen ser els casos de <strong>Campos <\/strong>i Ses Salines, un fet en el que repararem al llarg de l\u2019Ecomuseu. Alguns dels molins d\u2019aquests municipis utilitzaren els mateixos pous que anteriorment ocupaven las s\u00ednies de tir.<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/3-moli-safareig002-e1438168408187.jpg\" alt class=\"lazyload img-responsive\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":628,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-632","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=632"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2571,"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/632\/revisions\/2571"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/628"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecomuseosonllado.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}